Personagens planos e esféricos como reveladores de um discurso afrodescendente na obra de Machado de Assis e de Lima Barreto

Abstract

The present project aims to present an interventional experiment, whose actions focus on reading, more specifically, in the field of literature. Aiming to broaden the literary repertoire of students of a class of the 9th grade elementary school, we propose as mediators and literary agents the reading of canonical texts by Brazilian Afro-Descendant authors. The school in which the proposal will be applied is part of the public network of the municipality of Juiz de Fora in Minas Gerais. Generated from ProfLetras of UFJF, the project began with the application of a research with the students. Its result pointed in two directions: the first indicated a very little diversified literary repertory and very restricted to best sellers and children's literature; however, the second, signaled an interest in the narrative figure of the character. From this diagnosis came the proposal of enlargement of the literary literacy, by the study of the flat and spherical characters in the Brazilian canonical literature. We chose the textual genres short story and novel because in them, in addition to the characters being relevant in the narrative plot, there is a possibility of experiencing the expansion of the literary system by the students. The theoretical assumptions of this experiment seek support in scholars of the literature, such as Iser (1996), who approaches the concept of literary repertoire; Calvino (2007) and Paulino (2004) mention the literary canon; Colomer (2007) presents the definition of shared reading; in turn, Moses (1970) and Candido (2007), clarify us as to what will become flat and spherical characters; Cosson (2014, 2016) outlines the concept of literary literacy and reading circle and, finally, the definition of action research, in Tripp's words (2005). The experiment will take place in three moments. In the first, the students will work on the Mariana a short story by Machado de Assis, in which they will draw a profile of flat and spherical characters. In a second moment, they will deepen the profiling of the characteristics of these beings made of word, with the Reading of the novel Clara dos Anjos, by Lima Barreto. And, in the third moment, they will read the short story Pai contra mãe, by Machado de Assis. The students will have the opportunity to transform the end of the story, through the amplification of literary literacy, using the rewriting, aiming to transform a flat character into spherical.