Manutenção e desempenho de edificações residenciais: a contribuição de práticas sustentáveis

Abstract

Every construction must undergo maintenance actions during its useful life. With the publication of ABNT NBR 15,575/2013 - Performance of residential buildings, a minimum quality standard was established for builders and developers to guarantee the building an acceptable level of performance throughout its useful life. Associated with this, there is a growing environmental concern, encouraging the adoption of sustainable practices in buildings in use. With that in mind, the objective of this work is to investigate the maintenance activities of residential buildings, considering compliance with performance requirements and sustainable practices, with a focus on water and energy consumption. A systematic literature review was carried out, in addition to a case study in the city of Três Rios/RJ. Questionnaires were prepared and directed to a construction company and to the trustees of residential projects built by it, in order to collect data regarding the performance, maintenance and sustainable practices adopted in the analyzed buildings. The research concluded, through the sample studied, that building maintenance still demands attention, especially when it comes to preventive maintenance that is little identified in the buildings studied. The use of quality materials, especially in popular developments, was identified as an alternative for improving the maintenance conditions of buildings and guaranteeing the expected useful life. The dissemination of knowledge related to the performance of buildings is also presented as a necessary action, as well as greater investments in sustainable measures that reduce the environmental impacts generated in the use and operation phase of buildings, such as photovoltaic energy systems and rainwater harvesting. The integration of all stakeholders involved in the built environment is essential to ensure the durability of buildings.