Elaboração de material para aulas práticas voltadas ao ensino de microbiologia para alunos do ensino médio

Abstract

The distance that exists between the microbiology content and the daily life of the student body makes it difficult for students to understand and visualize the importance of microorganisms. Thus, the general objective of this work was to develop functional and financially viable alternative methodologies for practical teaching of microbiology in middle and elementary schools. The practical classes were applied at the Tiradentes College of the Military Police of Minas Gerais. The obtained data were analyzed and the averages were compared by the Chi-square test. Five scripts of practical classes were elaborated and, of these, four were applied. All classes were structured containing theoretical basis for the teacher, detailing the development and preparation of class, and a script to guide students during the execution of the class. Our results showed that students recognized the importance of practical classes, even in groups that did not participate in microbiology practices. We visualized improvements in school performance when comparing the different groups, indicating greater immersion of students in the subject approached using the applied practical methodology. Two biotechnological projects were developed: Vermecomposting and anaerobic biodigester. According to the students' own reports, this methodology favors the visualization of biological processes, complement the theoretical classes and facilitate understanding. The material obtained and exposed in the results, except the topic on the application of the questionnaires, represents a manual of practices and grounded methodologies that will serve as a guiding instrument for teachers who wish to approach the content of microbiology in a practical way, without major investments.