Ocorrência e perfil de susceptibilidade aos antimicrobianos de bastonetes Gram negativos isolados de amostras de proteína animal em Juiz de Fora-MG

Abstract

The problem of resistance to antimicrobials, is something that affects public health worldwide, the resistance has been over the years the cause of several deaths due to the presence of bacteria that are able to survive therapeutic concentrations of drugs. This paper seeks to analyze whether food would play a role in the dissemination process of bacterial resistance, and the material analyzed was the meat collected from different establishments in the city of Juiz de Fora-Mg. Samples of chicken (n = 16), beef (n = 16), pork (n = 16) and tilapia (n = 16), the material was processed in the microbiology laboratory of UFJF. The meats were processed and the material was incubated in different culture media, eosin methylene blue agar, bile esculyn agar, manitol agar, and blood agar rappaport broth for 48 hours , the count was performed and the bacteria were frozen to subsequently analyzed. Most of the bacteria collected were Gram-positive , followed by Gram-negative bacilli, the Bacilli were the object of study of this work, where biochemical tests were performed for identification, most were classified presumtively as members belonging to the family Enterobacteriacea. In all 140 bugs were selected for antimicrobial susceptibility test, where 16 antibiotics were used: amikacin, amoxicillin + AC. clavulanic (, ampicillin, Aztreonam , Cefazolin, cefepime , cefoxitin, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin , chloramphenicol, gentamicin, meropenem, levofloxacin, Sulfazotrim and Tetracycline. Of these most studied bacteria showed resistance to beta-lactam penicillins antibiotics (ampicillin, Amoxacillin/clavulamic acid) and first and second generation cephalosporins (Cefazolin and Cefoxitin). Analysis of the multidrug resistance profile showed that chicken meat had the highest index (0.31) with resistance to five different antibiotics. Fish meat was the only one that presented resistance to all the cephalosporins tested in the experiment, including cefepime It can be considered that meats are vectors of resistant microorganisms.