O papel das redes na mobilidade laboral de curta e longa distância: evidências para o Brasil formal

Abstract

This paper aims to investigate the main determinants of mobility of workers between short and long distance in the Brazilian micro-region from 2004 to 2008, emphasizing the role of established migration networks. Matrices to measure the labor flows are constructed by means of Rais-Migra database as wells as are used explanatory variables as destination/origin ratio. Count data models are used as a methodological framework to identify similarities and differences among the determinants of labor mobility according different distances. The results show evidence in favor of the historical attractiveness of micro-regions for migration, supporting the idea that migration networks or previous personal connections facilitate spatial labor mobility. Beyond these results, for short distance mobility, the workers move to destinations more attractive in relation to dynamic labor markets, higher density of population, higher proportion of more educated workers, lower degree of industrialization and smaller crime rates and vehicles per inhabitants. For long distance mobility, workers are oriented to destinations with lower crime rates and greater attractiveness measured by previous flows. The distance decreases the propensity to migrate for both short and long labor movements as an inhibiting factor for mobility, regardless of the cuts away.