Síntese e modelagem molecular de análogos do metil chavicol e seus potenciais farmacológicos

Abstract

Methyl chavicol is a phenylpropanoid found in essential oils and its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, local anesthetic and insecticide activities have been highlighted. The objective of this study was to synthesize and evaluate the molecular interaction profile of the methyl chavicol and analogues, as well as to investigate the antioxidant, antilipidemic and topical anti-inflammatory activities using in vivo, in vitro and in silico methods. Synthesis of the analogues was performed by classical reactions of organic chemistry. Antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH and lipid peroxidation methods, while the antilipidemic effect was essayed against to pancreatic lipase. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using Croton oil-, phenol-, and histamine-induced ear edema models in mice. Histopathological analyzes and the myeloperoxidase (MPO), N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), nitric oxide, tumor necrosis tumor (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and cyclooxygenase assays were determined. The bindings were generated by the Marvin Sketch Program and refined by PM7 method present in the MOPAC2012 Program. Enzymes were obtained from protein database under 1EQG and 5IKT (COX-1 and -2), 1R35 (iNOS) and 1LPA (pancreatic lipase) codes. Molecular recognition was determined using the program Discovery Studio v 4.5 2016. 2 - [(4-methoxyphenyl) methyl] oxirane (2), 3-(4-methoxyphenyl) propane-1,2-diol (8), 2- Methoxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl) propan-1-ol), 1-methoxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl) propan-2-ol (17) and 3-(4-methoxyphenyl) propanal (18) were the synthesized analogues. Methyl chavicol significantly decreased the thickness and mass of ear edema induced by irritants (p < 0.001). A significant reduction on myeloperoxidase, N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase, nitric oxide, tumor necrosis tumor (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) was revealed (p < 0.05, p < 0.01 or p < 0.001). Methyl chavicol was unable to inhibit COX-1 and-2 in in vitro test and the molecular docking showed no interaction, including the analogues 2, 8, 17 and 18. In addition, molecular docking showed an inhibitory effect of the methyl chavicol and its analogues on the pancreatic lipase. The results indicate that methyl chavicol and its analogues are promising therapeutic agents that can be used in diseases associated with inflammatory, oxidative and metabolic processes.