Relações interpessoais no acolhimento com o usuário na classificação de risco: percepção do enfermeiro

Abstract

The present research has the objective of analyzing interpersonal relations with users on receiving in risk classification under nurses’ perception within the Prompt Help Units (Unidades de Pronto Atendimento – UPA) in a city located in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. This is a descriptive research with a qualitative approach which data analysis shall be operated under a dialectic hermeneutics view. The scenario for the research was two prompt help units named “north” and “west” in a city in Minas Gerais. They use the Manchester Tracking System as receiving and risk classification system. The target population involved 17 nurses from both Prompt Help Units, from which 7 nurses were located in UPA “A” and 10 located in UPA “B”. Data were collected through the following techniques: environment, participating observation, field diary and semi-structured interviews that took place from September 21 through 28, 2016. Data analysis was operated through dialectic hermeneutics. The following characteristics were identified: nurses’ working process in risk classification at the UPA; perceiving interpersonal relations with users in the receiving process with risk classification and, finally, limiting factors within interpersonal relations on helping users at the urgency and emergency service: matches and mismatches between what is thought and what is done. Through these it was the importance of nurses’ certification within the Manchester Tracking System protocol for good development at the process; the importance of nurses as influencer of the Urgency and Emergency Services; acting of nurses on receiving with risk classification goes toward assistance humanization; nurses see themselves in an attempt to surpass the biomedical model when they prioritize interpersonal relations in this context; presence of a nursing technician contributes for humanized assistance; nurses understand and value interpersonal relations with users, their professional peers multidisciplinary teams and other workers; nurses also try to develop interpersonal values through values like cooperation. It was also perceived that feelings like respect and trust contribute for assistance quality and that emotional proximity, instrumented by qualified listening and communication, is fundamental for developing interpersonal relations. Limiting factors found were: time; overcrowding due to poor effectiveness of Primary Attention; users’ unsatisfaction with STM due to their unawareness of their objective; conflicts between doctors and nurses that impact assistance to patients. None of the interviews was mentioned as “receiving”. We conclude that, although the SUEs are places with lots of contradictions, we must ponder on the importance of interpersonal relations as a catalyzing instrument in nurses’ action on starting a thought and action transformation in the health field. And finally, by believing that small actions can transform contexts, feelings, meanings and practices we suggest a future action-research study benefitting from the material within this research in order to contribute for a new look at receiving with risk calculation.