Evasão e fracasso escolar de alunos de comunidades indígenas do Instituto Federal de Roraima / Campus Amajari: um estudo de caso

Abstract

The research entitled "School Evasion and Failure of Students from Indigenous Communities of the Federal Institute of Roraima / Amajari Campus: A Case Study" is part of the interest in understanding why high rates of school dropout and failure of students from indigenous communities enrolled in the courses Offered by IFRR / CAM. Citations of GATTI (1981), ARNS (1978), and FERRARI (1975), blame the student for his failure, such as those of Brandon, Baeta & Roche (1983). The IFRR / CAM is an educational institution that offers, among others, professional technical education articulated to secondary education in the municipality of Amajari / RR. This municipality is surrounded by indigenous communities. The indigenous students of these communities correspond to 56.2% of the total number of students enrolled in the IFRR / CAM and are among the most affected by school dropout and failure. The general objective of the research is to identify what leads the students of indigenous communities enrolled in the technical courses articulated to the high school of the IFRR / CAM to school dropout and failure. To reach the objective, a case study of a qualitative nature was done in order to allow the contextualization of the theme, the theoretical and methodological exposition used and the presentation of the factors that lead to the school dropout and failure of students from indigenous communities enrolled in the courses Technicians articulated to the high school of the IFRR / CAM in the period between 2008 and 2016. For this, the methodology used made use of primary and secondary data, and the primary ones were obtained in three ways. Firstly, the use of the spontaneous observation technique. Second, with the use of the following research tools: (1) the semistructured interview; And (2) the application of a questionnaire. As for the secondary data, these were obtained through the research of documents and records of the institution. Thus, the analysis of the interviews showed that factors such as: problems with the transportation logistics, not identification with the offered courses, exhausting daily journey, difficulty in keeping up with the rhythm of the courses, relationship problems with the teacher and disapproval, As possible causes of school dropout and failure in the institution. However, the way in which these factors are presented indicates differences that may be related to the conflicts generated by cultural clashes between indigenous and non-indigenous people, especially when they deny indigenous students their right to differentiated education. Therefore, IFRR / CAM, even presenting some innovative proposals, still can not overcome the influence of a model thought in the light of the capitalist system, which historically continues to promote social inequalities.