Avaliação da correlação entre os deslocamentos de disco e alterações ósseas degenerativas da articulação temporomandibular por meio de imagens de ressonância magnética

Abstract

The aim of this study is evaluate by means of magnetic resonance images the prevalence and types of disc displacements and degenerative bone changes that can affect the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) of patients with signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD),checking the correlation between these findings. Two hundred twenty-for temporomandibular joints of 112 patients of both genders, with an indication for MRI, were evaluated The possibility to simultaneously view the disc and hard tissue structures of the TMJ by a single examination has shown these conditions and the correlation between them. For this purpose a calibrated examiner evaluated the images by assigning scores in relation to the disc displacement and degenerative bone changes. The disc displacement was found in 58.42% of TMJ evaluated on sagittal sections. The anterior displacement of the disc with reduction was the most common, occurring in 67.18% of cases of joints with disc displacement. In coronal sections, disc displacement was observed in 56.65% of TMJ evaluated, and the medial displacement seen in 96% of cases. With respect to degenerative bone changes, the same were observed in 53.94% of TMJ analyzed. There was significant correlation between disc displacement with reduction and condylar flattening, disc displacement without reduction and condylar flattening, disc displacement without reduction and degenerative changes associated (flattening and erosion, flattening, osteophyte and erosion; flattening and osteophytes, erosion and sclerosis, flattening and sclerosis, flattening, osteophytes and sclerosis) and lateral displacement of the disc and osteophytes. The association between advanced cases of disc displacement and the occurrence of degenerative changes, emphasize the importance of magnetic resonance imaging to an accurate diagnosis and development of an appropriate treatment plan, and for prognosis in cases than clinical examination is not sufficient for these purposes.