Síndrome de compressão medular metastática em pacientes oncológicos: funcionalidade, sobrevida e fatores prognósticos

Abstract

Metastatic spinal cord compression syndrome (MSCC) is an oncology emergency. Functional independence is a major concern for individuals facing the process of dying. The functional level is an item of Tokuhashi Prognostic Index (TPI), which is a tool used to guide the type of treatment for MSCC in accordance with survival. The aim of this study is to evaluate the survival, function and its associated factors patients with MSCC of an oncology reference unit in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The recruitment of cases on the search for diseases of hospital units of reference service in oncology and / or research without database of the consultations performed by physiotherapy team, part of the system of medical records and information of the service. The survival of 163 patients was analyzed and functional capacity evaluation was performed within 48 hours after the diagnosis of SCMM for 47 patients. The correlation between ASIA and functional dependence degree was calculated using the Sperman correlation test. The difference in FIM scores according to ASIA was assessed by the Kruskall-Wallis test. Survival functions were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and the Cox proportional hazards model was used for prognostic evaluation. The agreement between the observed survival time and the estimated TPI was evaluated by the Choen'sKappa coefficient. The overall survival time was 4.54 months (95% CI: 2.60-6.64). The prognostic factors associated with survival were cancer staging IV (HR: 2.20, 95% CI: 1.3-3.72) and III (HR: 2.50, 95% CI: 1.47-4.25) (HR = 1.7, 95% CI: 1.18-2.26) and KPS: 80-100% (HR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.38-0.80) and 50-70% (HR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.36-0.78). The total positive predictive value of the TPI was 55.8% and the agreement between the survival times was 0.24 (p <0.01). The degree of functional dependence was associated with KPS, ASIA, gait ability, survival time and skin color (p <0.05). There was difference in FIM (p = 0.04) and FIM motor (p = 0.01) according to ASIA. IPT can help in the therapeutic management of MSCC, also considering staging the type of first care and KPS despite the necessary revision of its parameters, besides assisting in rehabilitation planning. MIF is appropriate for assessing functionality in MSCC Palliative rehabilitation is indicated for these patients and strategies should be combined with the prognosis of survival.