Fatores reprodutivos associados ao excesso de peso em mulheres adultas atendidas pela Estratégia Saúde da Família em Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brasil

Abstract

Introduction: Overweight is a serious public health problem and among the possible causes are female reproductive factors, common to women in adulthood. Factors such as age of menarche, menopause, having become pregnant, number of children and contraceptive methods may interfere positively with excessive weight gain, however there is no consensus between the association of these factors and excess of weight in adult women, requiring more work to clarify this relationship. Objective: To identifying the association between reproductive factors and excess of weight in adult women. Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out in 2015, using data collected from the women's health survey conducted in 2011 and 2012, in the city of Juiz de Fora, with envollment of 2018 women in reproductive age, from 20 to 59 years. The research questionnaire, composed of information about the women participants, was used. Univariate, bivariate and Kappa concordance statistical analyzes were performed in the SPSS 14.0 program and the regression models in the Stata 11.0 program. Results and Discussion: It was found a high prevalence of excess of weight women (61.0%) and a substantially increased abdominal circumference (59.6%). In the multivariate analysis with the reproductive variables, those that presented relationship with the excess of weight were age of menarche before 12 years old, use of non-hormonal contraceptive and to having children, after adjustment of the non-hormonal contraceptive model, it lost significance. The prevalence of excess of weight in women who had menarche before 12 years old was 12.4% higher than those who had menarche after 12 years old and over, and the prevalence of excess of weight in women who had children was 58.2% higher than the ones that never had. In the multivariate analysis considering abdominal circumference significantly increased, the variables that remained significant were similar in relation to the excess of weight analysis, and the same reproductive variables remained significant at the end of the model. The Kappa concordance analysis indicated a strong concordance between BMI and waist circumference, showing that they can be used in a combined and complementary way in nutritional diagnosis, especially when considering reproductive factors. Conclusion: The scenario shows a high prevalence of excess of weight in the studied population, with an emphasis on the influence of reproductive factors, which deserve attention and monitoring, since they are characteristic of the adult female population.