O funcionamento diferencial do item de língua portuguesa: análise das causas e conseqüências no contexto do programa Nova Escola-RJ e do PROEB-MG

Abstract

The operation of the item gap occurs when an item is applied to two groups of students with cognitive ability and these same groups get different performances to respond to that item, leading a group to produce better results than the other. This study took into account groups of students were female and male from different racial groups and students from different regions of the states of Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais. The statistical results obtained between two groups of students can demonstrate that a group is being received in relation to the other. The importance of conducting an analysis of the functioning differential - DIF-of items in different groups of students is justified, so that the estimated proficiency is of good quality, and results can be adequately equalizados. It may also indicate a differentiation between the regions educational school, due to greater exposure to the subject or greater emphasis curriculum, cultural differences associated with socio-economic differences, or diagnose existing educational deficiencies. The objective of the survey is to identify and analyse the items of Portuguese Language, specifically the 3, 4th and 5 th series of elementary school, regarding the tests applied in 2005 by the New School Program and the Simave / Proeb, which showed differential operation, according to their difficulty For students from different regions and with differences in gender and race in the state of Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais. Initially, presented to a review of historical assessment on a large scale in Brazil and the core program implemented in the evaluation; without pretension to exhaust the subject, some methods of measures in educational evaluation on a large scale and the scale of construction skills were described . Then, sought to describe the operation Differential Item - DIF, the main methods for its detection and its historical development. Subsequently, identified as the Operation Differential-DIF items in the Programme and the New School Simave / Proeb, were classified and that those found generated hypotheses to explain the DIF. In this study it was found that not all items are diagnosed with DIF bad for the purpose of evaluation, because they can provide important information for diagnosis of the educational system of the State of Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais, through them, you can diagnose learning disabilities, evidence of racial discrimination or cultural diversity. So, not always the most appropriate procedure is the withdrawal of its tests.