Estudo das propriedades térmicas e ópticas de materiais nanoestruturados

Abstract

In this work, three different materials (glasses, thin films and nanofluids) were analysed to check the changes in their thermal and optical properties due to the presence of noble metal nanoparticles. In the glasses and films, the nucleation of nanoparticles was induced by thermal treatment of the samples while in the nanofluids the nanoparticles were obtained through one-step chemical reaction. The presence of metallic nanoparticles was confirmed by electron microscopy images and by surface plasmon peaks detected via absorption technique in the ultraviolet and visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum. In addition, Raman spectra were obtained to check structural changes. Thermal lens measurements were performed in all samples to obtain the respective thermal diffusivity. Studied vitreous system were germanate (Ge02 - PbO) and tellurite (Te02 - PbO-Ge02) doped with silver nanoparticles, rare earth ions, erbium, thulium and ytterbium in the trivalent form. It was found an increase of 20% and 8% in the thermal diffusivity of germanate and tellurite glasses, respectively, due to the addition of silver nanoparticles. It also verified that the thermal treatment has caused the break of Ge04 tetrahedra rings. Thin films containing gold and silver nanoparticles were grown by the co-sputtering technique using the germanate vitreous matriz (Ge02 - PbO) as target. Raman results show structural differences between thin films and the corresponding glasses. This was reflected in a different thermal behavior. In gold and silver nanofluids were observed an increase of 20% and 16% in the thermal diffusivity in comparison with the thermal diffusivity of pure water, respectively.