Avaliação da resistência de união entre uma cerâmica feldspática e três ligas metálicas alternativas

Abstract

This study in vitro evaluated the bond shear strength from a feldspathic ceramic (VITAVM®13) and three Ni-Cr alloys (Wironia Light®), Ni-Cr-Ti (Tilite®) and Co-Cr (Wirobond 280®), to identify the alloy has the highest fracture resistance levels in metal-ceramic system in which they were constituted three groups (n = 10): G1 (control) – Ni-Cr/ceramics; G2 – Ni-Cr-Ti/ceramics; G3 – Co-Cr/ceramic. The thirty specimens confectioned from cylindrical wax patterns with 15 x 6 mm that were obtained by means of metallic matrix, wherein each league was fused according to guidelines of each manufacturer, using the lost wax technique. The finish was conducted and then the specimens were sandblasted with Al2O3. The amount of the ceramic applied was standardized using the movable upper portion of the die in circulate-half shape 3 mm in height, having a hole of 8.4 mm diameter providing ceramic layers with similar dimensions in all specimens. In the investigation, the shear test was used, and during the test were obtained maximum voltage values of strength (MPa) and specific strain (%). The patterns of faults occurred (adhesive, cohesive or mixed) were observed in stereo. When SEM were observed in a descriptive way, the fractured surfaces in shear test and when EDX, quantitatively (%), the chemical elements. For these analyzes were selected, at random, three specimens of each group. ANOVA, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Levene proof, Brown-Forsythe robust proof, Chi-Square and Post-Hoc test Fisher's Least Significant Difference was applied in statistical analysis, all with significance level of 5%. In the shear test there was obtained the following stress average (MPa): G1 = 31.22 ± 7.06; G2 = 21.13 ± 4.02, and; G3 = 23.02 ± 5.69. Since the strain, average (%) were: G1 = 12.28 ± 2.95; G2 = 7.948 ± 3.05; G3 = 9.19 12.28 ± 5.90. In comparison between groups, in shear testing, with regard the tensile strength, it was identified that G1 (Ni-Cr) G2 differed statistically (p = 0.002) and G3 (p = 0.013). With respect to the chemical elements found on the surfaces of the specimens analyzed, we observed the following significant differences: the metal in metal – G1 x G2 (Cr: p = 0.004); G1 x G3 (Co: p = 0.000; Ni: p = 0.041; W: p = 0.000); G2 x G3 (Co: p = 0.000; Cr: p = 0.0005; W: p = 0.000), and; ceramics – G1 x G2 (Al: p = 0.005; O: p = 0.010; Si: p = 0.005) and G2 x G3 (Al: p = 0.027; Si: p = 0.016). Ni-Cr and Co-Cr alloys showed 100% of mixed failures. Since the Ni-Cr-Ti had mixed failure (60%) and adhesive (40%). Therefore, it is concluded that all the alloys studied are indicated for clinical use; however, to basis Ni-Cr showed the highest mean bond strength, shear, with feldspathic ceramic.