Aspectos ecológicos do cervo do-pantanal Blastocerus dichotomus (Illiger, 1815) (Mammalia: cervidae): animais reintroduzidos e ou nascidos na estação ecológica de jataí, nordeste do estado de São Paulo, município de Luís Antônio

Abstract

Marsh deer (Blastocerus dichotomus) is a large mammal and is considered the largest deer native to South America, this species is extinct in 60% of its historic range that included the natural flood plain of the great rivers between the southern Amazon and northern Argentina. Despite being threatened with extinction, little is known about the ecological aspects of deer marsh. In this context, this study aims to investigate the seasonality in the spatial behavior of this species, but also analyze information related to habitat use and intraspecific relations using overlapping core areas. To this end it contains a review and two introductory chapters covering the following topics: 1 - comparative study for the seasonality effect of reintroduced animals and / or born in the Ecological Station (EEJ) and animals natural population located in the River Paraná; 2 - spatial relations using overlapping core areas to reintroduced animals and / or born in the EEJ. A total of 39 deer-billed and 9 marked the reintroduction area and 30 in the area of natural population, contributed to the analysis of this work. The results show that both populations studied areas of life were higher for males than for females, which may reflect differences in strategies for using the environment of individuals of both sexes. For animals of the EEJ areas estimated for the rainy season were generally lower than those established in the dry season, as for animals of the Paraná River basin showed a reversal in the order of these values, ie, the average during the rainy season was higher than the average during the dry season. This reversal can be related to the dynamics of environmental characteristics promoted by the seasonal pattern for each region. The analysis of habitat use of reintroduction area revealed an overlap in their core areas estimated for both dry and wet seasons, with females showing higher percentage of fidelity than males. The analysis involving the overlap of core areas among the animals of this region revealed that two animals are one male and one female overlapped its core activity even when estimated harmonic mean concentration (30%) of distribution of use of spatial locations. The data used in this work are part of the results obtained by the Project Cervo-do-Pantanal de Porto Primavera, coordinated by NUPECCE (Núcleo de Pesquisa e Conservação de Cervídeos), located at the Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias FCAV/UNESP de Jaboticabal, as part stock compensation related to the reservoir formed by the Sergio Motta or "Porto Primavera Dam.