O efeito da radiação emitida por telefones móveis sobre a via das MAPK's, o hipotálamo, a hipófise e adrenal, memória e ansiedade em ratos Wistar (Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout, 1769)

Abstract

The mobile telecommunication system has grown over the years. There has been a growing concern about the possible effects of exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) emitted by mobile devices on the health of users. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of whole-body RF-EMR exposure on MAPK's pathway, verifying the phosphorylation levels of MEK 1 / 2 and ERK 1 / 2, in hypothalamus and pituitary cells, catecholamine secretion, serum glucose, long-term memory consolidation and anxiety-like behavior occurrence. Male Wistar rats, 60 days old, were subjected to electromagnetic waves emitted by mobile phones (1.8 GHz) in acute (1 and 3 hours of exposure) and chronic (3 and 10 nights of exposure) conditions. The phosphorylation levels of MEK 1 / 2 and ERK 1 / 2 changed in hypothalamus cells after 1 hour of exposure. After 3 hours, 3 nights and 10 nights, we have found changes only in phosphorylation of MEK 1 / 2 (hypothalamus); no changes were found in MEK 1 / 2 and ERK 1 / 2 from pituitary cells. The acute exposures lead to the increase of basal catecholamine secretion and the glycemia changed after 1 hour and 10 nights. On the other hand, the chronic exposure increased the catecholamine release, by caffeine stimulation, but decreased the serum glucose level, disturbing the memory consolidation. The results suggest that exposure of rats to electromagnetic fields emitted by mobile phones is able to change the MAPK's pathway, profile of basal and stimulated secretion of catecholamines, and serum glucose level besides affecting long-term memory.