Estudo comparativo dos efeitos do laser de baixa intensidade e do ultrassom terapêutico no reparo tecidual de feridas cirúrgicas cutâneas em ratos Wistar: avaliação histopatológica e produção in situ de mediadores inflamatórios

Abstract

Wound healing is a complex event that aims to restore anatomical, histological and functional integrity of a tissue injury suffered by different etiologies. The potential modulation of the immune system and local inflammatory reactions by noninvasive techniques is the subject of several studies and although such modulating effect already being clinically proven and confirmed by histopathologic studies, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of local and systemic actions of main adjuvant therapies available, the low level laser therapy and ultrasonic energy, are still unclear. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of laser therapy of low intensity and the therapeutic ultrasound, isolated and associates in the tissue repair process in surgical wounds in Wistar rats, with research in situ production of TGF-β1, TGF-β2 and IL-17 by immunohistochemistry, and to evaluate by histomorphometry, the deposition of collagenous matrix in the area in healing by retrospective study in emblocado material paraffin (n = 24), the samples were divided into: a control group (GI) one subject only to laser therapy (GII), a submitted only to the ultrasound (GIII) and submitted to the two associated therapies (GIV). Data were expressed as mean and standard deviation, being considered p < 0.05 to indicate a statistically significant results. The TGF-β1 expression was significant when samples of GIV were compared with GII and GIII. With regard to IL-17, samples of GI and GII had a higher percentage of stained cells, and the difference was significant between GII and GIII, and between GII and GIV.