Participação dos sistemas atmosféricos na gênese e ritmo das chuvas na bacia do Rio Preto, MG/RJ - anos de 2006, 2007, 2008

Abstract

Among the approaches that can be given to climate studies stands out the rhythmic analysis, what is set as the daily sequence with which the climatic elements manifest themselves, as well as the atmospheric systems they relate with the environment, providing an analysis integrated the climate. This contributed to what the society be less vulnerable to climatic conditions, as it considers both the usual succession of weather types as extreme events in their daily analysis. Starting from the need to understand the complex relationship between climate - environment - society, this study aimed to make an investigation about the climate pace, by quantifying in the participation of atmospheric systems and geographical factors in the genesis and rhythm of rain in the river watershed Preto, MG / RJ, for the years 2006, 2007 and 2008. Thenceforth, it became possible to establish correlations between the climatic phenomenon and the physical environment, identifying your dynamics and main spatial and temporal units, to establishing an integrated model and the creating maps, rhythm graphics that subsidize the understanding of the sequencing of the types of time. The temporal scale of analysis is daily and in years "pattern" (MONTEIRO, 1971, 1991) and the methodology of choice of these was based on statistical techniques (box plot, standard deviation, Sturgers and quantile). The maps were made in the ArcGIS 10 software by entering information obtained from the Hidroweb (ANA) and satellite imagery (Landsat and SRTM). The construction of the rhythm graphics was made from collected meteorological data in Hidroweb (ANA) website, synoptic analysis of synoptic maps of the Navy of Brazil and Climanalise newsletters. As a result, it was found that the three years studied showed different characteristics as the spatial and temporal distribution of rainfall, with greater emphasis on the annual alternation of these arrangements. In terms of participation of atmospheric systems is the Atlantic Tropical mass that acted in the greater number of days and in 2008 (wet year) the performance of South Atlantic convergence zone was more than double the other years (19%). Under the action of the latter, nearly 100% of the days found for the presence of rain. Also in action on day of cold fronts is it found the presence of rain. Extreme events have not followed a pattern of spatial distribution.