Do apito das fábricas ao toque dos sinos no Grupo Escolar Estevam de Oliveira (1914 – 1946)

Abstract

This research focus in the reconstitution of the history of a school institution: the Group Estevam de Oliveira in the city of Juiz de Fora - MG.The historical moment was the creation of the Nocturnal School for adults of the feminine sex, from 1914 until 1946 when the Union regulates the primary instruction for adolescents and adults, through the “Organic Law”. The objective was to understand the aspects to the organization and functioning of the nocturnal school: the normative order, the representation of present nocturnal school in documents, as well as the spaces, times, resumes, and mainly, the knowledge of the citizens that had frequented and created the first school destined to the workers of the city of Juiz de Fora, the " Manchester Mineira”. The base was the theory-methodology from the Cultural History for the formularizations of this study. For the development of the research a bibliographical revision of the main pertinent subjects and the analysis of written sources, prays and iconographic was performed. As theoretical support I used the contributions from MAGALHÃES (2004); FARIA FILHO (2003) and SOUZA (2006).The dialogue with these sources allowed us to know the mobilization in favor of the education for the laborers of the city, and also, the understanding of the dynamics of construction and the daily of the first Nocturnal, public school, destined for the workers, with its conflicts and experiences. It is important to point out that, at a defined moment, this public was constituted of children, young and adults. This work shows some aspects of the history of the inhabitant, the student/worker and the city of Juiz de Fora and my desire to contribute with the discussion on public education.