Gêneros discursivos na educação infantil: diálogos possíveis

Abstract

This work, linked to the line of research Language Knowledge and Training of Teachers of Federal University of Postgraduate Program of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Minas Gerais, which investigates genres are present in the daily life of a preschool class and How such genres come in daily life: proposed by the teacher, the projects developed in school, the family by children. It also analyzes the ways in which the experiences with such reverberate texts in the utterances produced by children. This research is based on the historical-cultural psychology of Vygotsky, who understands the subject as a historical and social, whose relationship with one another and with the world takes place primarily through language. In this sense, the child is seen in its historical and social context, understood as subject it already is, and not as a becoming, inserted in a society and producer of this. The particular way in which the child participates in this medium is meant by the philosophy of Bakhtin language, which sees language as dialogic, alive and integral life. Therefore, our focus is given to us genres present in the lives of a group of second period of early childhood education and the relationships they establish with these genres. More than by their formal properties, the genres are here understood in relation to social situations that cause them. As a methodological way for this research, we chose the ethnographic research, which seeks, by entering the field and participant observation, the production data. The data demonstrate that the child produces knowledge, questions, imagine and does only what is authorized by adults. In its relations with genres such characteristics are evident. Children pose hypotheses, establish relationships, produce genres and vary according to the situations of interaction that experience, demonstrating knowledge of the movement of spheres of genres and their communicative goals. An ethical and dialogical perspective of research, it was possible to experience the role of children in the course of this work, from the production to the children of a new discourse genre, fruit of the social situation of research, which was incorporated into the class routine: daily field.