A idealização e a realidade: a autonomia do aluno em educação a distância

Abstract

The research aims to initially identify some philosophical and epistemological assumptions of the concept of autonomy, then analyzing the pedagogical processes that favor the construction of learner autonomy in distance education (DE). It is intended here to analyze the profile and the study habits of adult students of distance education, more specifically the Faculty of Education of UAB / FACED / UFJF and whether, in the formation of adult students of distance education, there is a methodology and materials textbooks that promote the autonomy of the student. Simultaneously, investigated the role of the teacher and the information and communication technologies in the construction of student autonomy. Bring, such as foundations, reflections on the meaning and relevance of the term "autonomy" and seek to understand its opposite, heteronomy, in the light of Rousseau, Kant, Durkheim, Piaget, and Freire. Since the current literature on distance education often presents the need for a student profile autonomous, analyze what current theorists argue about the subject in this educational context, which point to this autonomy, reporting the development of specific skills that require constant use of the media and the development of personal strategies for access to knowledge. Confront the industrial models of education, still present in some distance education courses, with views more flexible and humanistic education in this mode of teaching. We used to do so, Maria Luiza Belloni, Oreste Preti, Marco Silva, Otto Peters, Jose Manuel Moran, Jose Armando Valente, Monique Linard and other authors who have researched on distance education. The research involves both qualitative and quantitative. To better understand the profile of distance education student, we turn to some data from the monitoring survey of the Faculty of Education UAB / FACED / UFJF, based on the research report of the Coordination of this course. And, also, from an interview with distance tutors and a questionnaire in classes UAB II and UAB III of that course, were investigated students' study habits, looking at the intersection of the data analyzed, highlighting the occurrence or not, the student's autonomy in their learning process. The results pointed to a range that can be built through this process, considering the elements highlighted in the survey as relevant to the construction of an independent study. It is intended, with this reflection, contribute to discussions on the construction of student autonomy in the teaching and learning in the universe of distance education.