Qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde em portadores de hemofilia

Abstract

Hemophilia is a potentially disabling condition associated with high financial costs. Patients with hemophilia have a high burden of morbidity due to early development of hemophilic arthropathy. The health-related quality of life (HRQoL) assessment reflects the patient perspectives of disease and its consequences as well as of treatment. The aims of this study were to measure HRQoL values in patients with hemophilia using the Brazilian version of the Haem-A-QoL questionnaire and to identify clinical, demographic and socioeconomic factors associated with HRQoL. In this cross-section study, 39 patients were evaluated between May and November 2011. Enrollment criteria included men aged 18 years and over, level of clotting factor VIII or IX less than 30% and on-demand treatment performed at the Juiz de Fora Blood Center. All patients were asked to complete the Haem-A-QoL and to answer a self-rated health question. Socioeconomic data were obtained through a semi-structured interview. Clinical data and reports of orthopedic changes, measured by the instruments World Federation of Hemophilia – Physical Examination (WFHPE) and the Functional Independence Score in Haemophilia (FISH), were obtained from medical records. Data analysis was made using the software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS, v.15.0), being the study significance level of 5%. Bivariate associations between the outcome and independent variables were examined by Kruskal-Wallis test or Mann-Whitney U test, and Spearman rank correlations where appropriate. Multiple linear regression analysis of significant variables was conducted. A backward stepwise method of variable elimination was used, wherein the variables with p < 0.10 were retained. Mean Haem-A-QoL scores was 35.55. The patients had more impaired scores in dimensions of “sports and leisure” and “physical health” and the dimension of “relationship and partnership” was the less impaired. Among patients with mild hemophilia, the dimension of “dealing” had the worst score. The prevalence of arthropathy was high (69.2%) although few patients had received physiotherapy treatment (20.5%). Mean WFH-PE scores was 16.87 and mean FISH was 25.64. There was no statistically significant difference between the mean Haem-A-QoL scores of patients with severe or moderate hemophilia (14.67 versus 17.25, p = 0.42), as well as the mean WFH-PE scores (15.47 versus 16.50, p = 0.75) and the mean FISH scores (16.37 versus

15.66, p = 0.82). There was a moderate positive correlation between the WFH-PE and the Haem-A-QoL scores and a moderate negative correlation between the FISH and the Haem-A-QoL scores (r = 0.634, p < 0.001 e r = - 0.623, p < 0.001, respectively). Therefore, joint injury prevention and rehabilitation measures may improve HRQoL of patients with hemophilia.