Efeito de diferentes protocolos de polimento na rugosidade superficial e adesão bacteriana de uma cerâmica vítrea

Abstract

Surface roughness directly impacts the adhesion of bacteria to ceramic materials and, consequently, the occurrence of carious lesions, the development of periodontal diseases and the failure of restoration. It is essential that there are studies that evaluate polishing and glazing protocols for these materials, as they promote surface smoothness, contributing to the longevity of the restoration. The present study evaluated the surface roughness of Celtra Duo glass-ceramic without and with firing using the following polishing protocols: Optragloss Ceram (OP), Ceramisté (CR), Exa- Cerapol (EX), PK5 Ceram (PK) and glaze (GL) and bacterial adhesion by quantifying Colony Forming Units (CFU/mL). 144 specimens were prepared, 72 from Celtra Duo (CD) and 72 from Celtra Duo with firing (CDQ), which were subdivided into 6 groups (n=12). The groups were roughened for 20 seconds with a conical diamond bur (PM95F) and polished for 60 seconds. The average roughness (Ra) was measured. Streptococcus mutans was grown in BHI and sucrose broth. 50 μL of the inoculum was deposited on the samples and immersed in BHI and sucrose broth. The biofilm formed after the incubation period (48 hours) was removed and placed in 1 mL of sterile 0.9% NaCl. The suspension was stirred and diluted for plating. The plates were incubated to calculate the CFU/mL of the groups. For statistical analysis, the Jamovi software was used, considering ∝ as 0.05. ANOVA demonstrated a statistically significant difference for ceramics (p< 0.001), polishing protocol (p<0.001), as well as for the interaction between the two variables (p< 0.006). For the variables ceramic, polishing protocol and CFU/mL, ANOVA showed that for ceramic there was no statistically significant difference (p= 0.573), there was a statistically significant difference for the polishing and glazing protocols (p< 0.001) and for the interaction between the two variables (p< 0.001). The results suggest that there is an impact on microbial adhesion on the ceramic surface when compared to different treatment protocols, with less adhesion in all CD and CDQ groups compared to the control group. For CD, groups GL, EX, CR and PK resulted in lower adherence. For CDQ, CR and PK showed lower formation of CFU/mL. It is concluded that surface roughness is directly related to bacterial adhesion. For the analyzed ceramics (CD), firing (CDQ) generated less effect from the polishing protocols. The PK Protocol proved to be more effective for both ceramic groups.