O efeito do investimento em segurança pública na redução da criminalidade nos estados brasileiros

Abstract

The main objective of the study was to investigate the effects of public security investments on the reduction of crime in Brazilian states from 2002 to 2021. The hypothesis tested aims to evaluate the relationship between public spending on security and homicide rates. The empirical strategy used was a fixed-effects model, based on data from the Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), the Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (IPEA), and Finbra (Brazilian Finances - National Treasury Secretariat). The results indicate that investment in public security has a negative effect on the homicide rate, meaning that federal units that increased per capita spending on security experienced a reduction in homicides, as did per capita household income. On the other hand, an increase in unemployment is associated with a rise in violence. It is concluded that reducing crime requires public policies that integrate investments in security and socioeconomic actions, tailored to the political and institutional context of each region.