Impactos da implementação e operacionalização do metrô no mercado de trabalho: evidências para Salvador

Abstract

The implementation and operation of the subway in Salvador, which began in 2014, reduced citizen’s commute times and revitalized the transportation system of the Bahia capital. This study aims to analyze the impacts of this implementation on labor market indicators, such as wages and employment levels. Using a panel of individuals constructed from identified RAIS data from 2011 to 2019, the goal was to examine the effect of the subway through the Difference-in-Differences (DID) method. The treatment group consists of workers employed near the newly inaugurated subway stations, while the control group comprises workers employed outside these areas. Two regressions were estimated: the Two-Way Fixed Effects (TWFE) model and the staggered ATT from Callaway and Sant’Anna (2021). The main findings provided evidence of wage increases, though this impact varies, while the employment level showed mixed results, with both negative and positive effects, though not statistically significant. The key contributions of this study include an individual-level focus on workers, enriching studies specific to the city of Salvador, given the recent subway implementation, and incorporating a recent econometric modeling approach, the staggered ATT by Callaway and Sant’Anna (2021). Additionally, the study contributes to the debate on labor market impacts from the perspective of imperfect competition.