Verificação da presença e abertura dos túbulos dentinários em pacientes portadores de recessão gengival com e sem hipersensibilidade dentinária por microscopia eletrônica de varredura

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the presence and opening of dentinal tubules, by scanning electron microscopy, in teeth of patients with gingival recession with and without dentin hypersensitivity. Eleven patients were selected, and sensitive and non-sensitive teeth were evaluated and divided into two groups (n = 11), where GE – experimental, which were considered hypersensitive teeth and GC – control, non-sensitive teeth. For the selection of the teeth of GE, air blast was used for 3 seconds, and was chose the one which the patient reported increased pain and the GC used the same procedure, selecting randomly, a tooth where the patient reported no pain. Periodontal examination measured the clinical attachment level at buccal side, and the examination was performed by a single examiner calibrated. From the impressions with vinyl polysiloxane, negative replica was obtained for analysis in scanning electron microscope to detect the presence and characteristics of dentinal tubules compared to the GE and GC. The measurement of 2 mm of clinical attachment level was prevalent in 63.60% (n = 7) for the GC, followed by 3 mm with 45.50% (n = 5) for GE. The clinical attachment level of the teeth of GC averaged 2.45 ± 0.69 mm and GE, 3.18 ± 1.16 mm. Regarding the presence and ultramicroscopic characteristics of dentinal tubules, the Statistical Test Signals showed that the average opening of dentinal tubules of GE was higher than the GC, 57.72 3m and 34.82 3m, respectively. Regarding the number of dentinal tubules, the situation was repeated, but with an average of 1.45 for GC and 3.18 for GE (p = 0.044). Therefore, based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that patients with gingival recession and dentin hypersensitivity present dentinal tubules in greater numbers and open or half-open with different diameters and that the technique of negative replica analyzed by scanning electron microscopy is an important tool for visualization of dentinal tubules.