Precarização do trabalho docente: o trabalho de professores contratados no município de Juiz de Fora em mais de uma década sem concurso

Abstract

The cyclical crises of the capitalist mode of production caused profound changes in the world of work through its management strategies, such as neoliberalism combined with productive restructuring. Thus, capitalism began to require a flexible worker, who deals with temporary, precarious work and receives low wages. This condition affects a large part of the teaching staff, however, our study focuses on the case of teachers who year after year seek contracts in the education network in the city of Juiz de Fora. We seek to understand whether the condition faced by teachers in the city in question can characterize them as a teaching precariat, that is, the worst paid and exploited portion of Brazilian teachers. In light of the above, the present study aims to analyze/identify the working conditions of Juiz de Fora teachers in order to determine how they develop their practices in a scenario marked by subcontracting mechanisms and the consequent precariousness of teaching work. The theoretical-methodological framework for developing the research is dialectical historical materialism and the strategy consists of field research, through semi-structured interviews with teachers who work as contractors in the municipal education network in the city of Juiz de Fora. Teachers, despite being highly educated, deal with low salaries, inadequate working conditions and high turnover in the schools where they teach, therefore, we can characterize them as part of the teaching precariat. We conclude that the teachers who participated in our research are characterized as part of the teaching precariat