Protocolo de telessaúde para acompanhamento de usuários com doenças crônicas não transmissíveis na atenção primária à saúde

Abstract

Chronic non-communicable diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, accounting for approximately 41 million deaths worldwide in 2016. In Brazil, the scenario is no different, with approximately 70% of deaths caused by Chronic non-communicable diseases, and it is estimated that by 2025, 15 million people will die as a result of this group of diseases. It is known that the prevention, control and treatment of chronic diseases require integrated and coordinated actions between the health system, professionals, individuals and the community. Objective: To develop and validate a telemedicine protocol for monitoring users with chronic non-communicable diseases in primary health care. Method: This is a methodological study based on the AGREE II guidelines and the Delphi technique for content validation. The research was carried out in three stages: an integrative literature review to support the construction of the telehealth protocol by analyzing the studies included in the review. The second stage consisted of the construction of the telehealth protocol for the monitoring of users with chronic noncommunicable diseases in primary health care and, finally, its content validation. Approximately 200 health professionals who had been working in primary health care for more than one year were invited to participate, from five municipalities selected for convenience. The study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee, followed the ethical guidelines of the National Health Council, and was used for academic and scientific purposes only. Results: 34 professionals participated in the initial evaluation of the instrument. Most of the specialists agreed with the inclusion of the items and the way they were worded in the questionnaire. With regard to more sensitive and private information, such as "gender identity" and "family income", the percentage of agreement was 82.4% and 97.1%, respectively. Questions with less than 80% agreement were reworded according to the experts' suggestions. The score for the AGREE II domains was approximately 74,01%, indicating that this percentage was achieved in all 6 aspects. In a second evaluation by the experts, all questions reached 90% agreement. Conclusions: In the end, the protocol was developed and validated and can be made available for use by family health teams in the follow-up of users with chronic non-communicable diseases in primary care.