Perspectiva hidrológica e morfológica no contexto das inundações urbanas em Espera Feliz - MG

Abstract

In this research, the use of geotechnology was key to understanding phenomena originator from socio-environmental impacts related to urban inundation. The growing severity of such impacts to society in general uncovers an increasingly complex reality, thus requiring the pursuit of effective solutions. Another crucial factor considered in this paper was the search for an interdisciplinary approach, including the use of algebraic models to identify areas more prone to the occurrence urban inundation. The Soil Conservation Service hydrologic model was used in this study to provide insight into the shifts in hydrographic dynamics of surface runoff in different points in time. Said model was applied to the years 1991 and 2021, allowing for a comparative analysis of land use and cover in the resulting timeframe. Lastly, the aim of the morphologic studies—with calculations and parameters—was to produce compatible scales, so as to break down and interpret the natural trends of the analyzed drainage basins. These studies provided a deeper understanding of the aforementioned drainage basins’ features and arrangements. The multidisciplinary investigations conducted in Espera Feliz, Minas Gerais show a reality in which the occurrence of urban inundation events is strongly influenced by the morphologic features of the studied drainage basins. It was found that the natural trend of such events is intrinsically related to the morphologic aspects of the region. Despite the analysis of land use and cover data over the years, there was no significant interference detected that could explain the increasing recurrence of said events based on this parameter. This emphasizes the importance of morphologic analysis, which is then compared to hydrologic models so as to provide a comprehensive understanding of the factors that influence local hydrographic dynamics. By integrating knowledge and approaches from different fields of science, this study sought to identify scientifically backed solutions, considering best practices described in academic literature.