Cirurgia do músculo depressor do septo nasal no tratamento do sorriso gengival: Impacto na qualidade de vida dos pacientes

Abstract

Gummy smile (GS) is understood as excessive exposure of the maxilla during smiling, when this gingival exposure is 4mm or more. The is related to multiple etiologies, including a short and hyperactive upper lip. The present work is a viable alternative for the etiology of lip hyperactivity: The Nasal Septum Depressor Muscle Release technique, especially evaluating the patient's perception. The primary objective was to evaluate health-related quality of life before and 3 months after surgery, using the OHIP-14 test; and the secondary objective was to evaluate the aesthetic demands and self-esteem of these patients, through the questionnaire on the perception of the importance of aesthetics and self-esteem using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). For this, 05 individuals (age 27.4 ± 4.6 years, 04 women) with GS with some degree of hyperactivity of the upper lip underwent a surgical procedure and answered a quality of life questionnaire (OHIP-14) and 03 questions using the EVA before and 3 months after the procedure. The data were statistically analyzed. In the domain dealing with psychological discomfort it reduced from 2.8 ±1.8 to 0.6 ± 0.5 (p = 0.01, Wilcoxon test) while psychological disability went from 3.2 ± 1.1 to 0. 6 ± 0.5 (p = 0.01). The sum of the scores went from 21.2  16.3 to 5.4  5.7, with this difference being statistically significant (p = 0.001). Regarding self-esteem regarding the current smile, there was a significant increase from 5.5  2.3 to 8.6  0.6 (p = 0.04). Therefore, the surgical procedure of resection of the nasal septal depressor muscle led to an improvement in the patients' quality of life related to health and self- esteem, with this condition being observed after 3 months.