Cobertura das ações de promoção da alimentação saudável, atividade física e de vigilância alimentar e nutricional, do Programa Saúde na Escola, realizadas em Minas Gerais - Brasil, 2014 - 2021

Abstract

Introduction: The School Health Program (SHP) aims to contribute to the comprehensive training of students through promotion, prevention and health care actions. With a view to combating childhood obesity, the Healthy Growth Program (HGP) was created, which provides for the development of strategies aimed at children under 10 years of age, which include food and nutritional surveillance actions, the promotion of adequate nutrition and health, encouraging body practices and physical activity, with the inclusion of actions aimed at offering care for children who are obese in Health Care Networks. Objective: Analyze the coverage of actions to promote healthy eating, practices body, physical activity and food and nutritional surveillance, from the PSE, carried out in Minas Gerais (MG) - Brazil, from 2014 to 2021. Methodology: Cross-sectional study, with data made available by the Ministry of Health and collective activity reports generated by from the Primary Care Information System (SISAB) and reports from the Food and Nutrition Surveillance Information System (SISVAN). The multiple regression model was used to obtain estimates of annual percentage changes (APV) and the Chi-square test for Prevalence Ratios (PR), with their respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Results: The SHP in MG reached 99.3% of the municipalities and of these, 84% adhered to the HGP. Among the schools affiliated to the PSE, there was a growing trend in actions to promote healthy eating in MG (VPA:8.7% [95%CI: 5.04 – 12.31]) and in all macro-regions, physical activity in MG ( VPA:4.19% [95%CI: 1.35 – 7.03]) and in eleven macro-regions, while anthropometric assessment coverage increased only in six macro-regions. Among the municipalities adhered to the HGP, there was a growing trend in MG, in terms of coverage promoting healthy eating (VPA:17.56% [95%CI: 8.62 – 26.5]), physical activity (VPA:12.01 % [95%CI: 6.11 – 18.09]) and anthropometric assessment (VPA:12.34% [95%CI: 3.35 – 21.24]). The coverage of food consumption markers in MG, which went from 1.2% to 8.7% (VPA: 1.7% [0.54 – 2.87]), in the state as a whole and in most macro-regions showed progression in coverage of food consumption markers, with small VPA, while coverage of nutritional status monitoring in MG, and in most macro-regions, was stationary. The municipalities that were adhered to the HGP had higher coverage compared to those that were not adhered to, in the period from 2019 to 2021. Conclusion: There was an expansion of the SHP and HGP in MG, with advances in coverage of actions to promote healthy eating, physical activity, evaluation anthropometric measurements and markers of food consumption, with inter-regional differences. It is believed that the results of this study can contribute to the scientific literature, providing information that makes it possible to monitor and evaluate the actions of the SHP and food and nutritional surveillance, and support the decisionmaking of managers of this policy.