Eu sou o que vejo - representação e representatividade negra na literatura infantil contemporânea

Abstract

This thesis, of interdisciplinary nature, covers the areas of Literature, Education and Arts and aims to analyze the images of Children's Literature books with ethno-racial themes, focusing on those that have black protagonist characters. There will be around ten children's books analyzed, as well as those with only one or two images mentioned, most of them published in the last decade. The analyses will be bibliographic and take into account the significant increase of these publications after the implementation of law 10.639/03 and the lack of a consolidated literary criticism around the works, especially regarding the illustrations. However, it also draws on the researcher's experiences in the school environment and observations made from her students' contact with the books. Understanding that images reach children more quickly, especially those who are not yet literate, we hypothesize that books with illustrations take on the character of picture books, since children who have not yet mastered reading words will read and understand the narrative through the visual text. On this point, we conclude that anti-racist images promote a positive interaction capable of awakening an affectionate identification in black children, which we call Representativeness. During the research we will also discuss the racism present in the school and in the literary representations; the whitening of the characters as an aspect of racism and, finally, we will present books that bring in their illustrations positive and really representative images for our children. To ground our theoretical discussions we use the knowledge shared by author(s) such as Nilma Lino Gomes (racism and education), Kabengele Munanga (racism and mestizaçagem), Eliane Cavalleiro (racism and school), Maria Anória de Jesus Oliveira (children and teenage literature), Eliane Debus (children and teenage literature), Lia Schucman (whiteness), Alessandra Devulsky (colorism), among others. Regarding images and illustrations we use primarily the studies of Joly Martine, Lúcia Santaella, Graça Ramos, Sophie Van der Linden, Nikolajeva, and Scott.