Influência da morfologia do espaço interproximal no volume ósseo interradicular: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

The interproximal enamel reduction is an adjunct resource to orthodontic treatment whose purpose is gaining spaces in the dental arches by reducing the mesiodistal dimensions of the dental elements through selective removal of the enamel. However, when in excess, the wear of the proximal surfaces can lead to the approximation of the roots of adjacent teeth and consequent reduction of the alveolar bone septum, causing unfavorable changes to the periodontal support structures. The present study aims to seek scientific evidence, through a systematic review of the literature, on the potential effects of interproximal enamel reduction on the volumetric configuration of the interradicular alveolar bone. A research was carried out using the databases Pubmed - Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, Scielo, Lilacs and Cochrane, and gray literature, based on a search strategy elaborated by MeSH and non-MeSH descriptors correlated by Boolean operators “AND” and “OR”. The research consisted of papers published up to October 2021, with no language restriction. A total of 5418 records were found after removing duplicates and 4 articles were selected according to the eligibility criteria. Bone alterations varied with the location of the dental segments in the jaws, with discrete bone losses or gains were observed after the procedures, as well as changes in interradicular distances, however apparently independente of stripping. No relevant changes have been verified in the interradicular distances of the wore dental segments. It is concluded that the interproximal enamel reduction, when well indicated and performed respecting the biological limits of wear on the dental structure, allows obtaining spaces in the dental arches without causing significant changes in the volumetric configuration of the alveolar bone and iatrogenic damage to other periodontium structures.