Indicadores nutricionais de proteínas lácteas e vegetais

Abstract

In recent years, dietary patterns and lifestyles have changed significantly. As a result, foods with quality nutrients have gained popularity. In spite of the growing consumption of plant foods, proteins of animal origin are still relevant in terms of their quality of essential amino acids. Because of this, both sources of protein should be considered complementary and should not be analyzed separately. The quality of proteins can be assessed using a variety of nutritional indicators, such as Chemical Score, Protein Digestibility Corrected Amino Acid Score (PDCAAS), and Digestible Indispensable Amino Acids Score (DIAAS). In addition, Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER), Net Protein Ratio (NPR), True Digestibility, Net Protein Utilization (NPU), and Biological Value will be described to assess this quality. Thus, the objective of the research was to evaluate the quality of proteins of animal and vegetable origin through the indicators described in the literature. From the proposal, the publications that evaluated the efficiency of the methods were discussed. It can be seen in the articles published in the last ten years searched through Google Scholar, PubMed, Scielo, and Scopus platforms. There was great methodological diversity among the studies, but FAO recommended DIAAS as the most suitable nutritional indicator. Despite the FAO recommendation regarding the DIAAS, academic papers consider it to be the most appropriate nutritional indicator, although there is currently a methodological diversity available. Finally, the conclusion of this review is in line with the opinions of many researchers, who understood the need for further studies to develop methodology and parameters so that the DIAAS determination can be more effective and assertive