Qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde em crianças e adolescentes com diabetes mellitus tipo 1: um estudo-piloto

Abstract

Living with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) can be considered a challenge for the child and his family, since its management requires several processes that involve changes in the patients' lifestyle. The aim of this transversal pilot study was to evaluate the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in children and adolescents diagnosed with T1DM, as well as the parents' perception of their children's health and to identify factors that may be associated with HRQoL. The PedsQLTM 3.0 Diabetes Module translated and validated in the Brazilian version was used. Socioeconomic and demographic data and Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) values were also evaluated. The sample comprised 12 children and adolescents diagnosed with T1DM and 12 mothers of these youths. The children had a mean age of 9.58 ± 4.89 years, 58.3% were male, 41.7% were female, 58.3% had a family income lower than and/or equal to 2 minimum wages and 50% had inadequate glycemic control (HbA1c 7). A statistically meaningful differences was noted in pain perception between children's versus parents' responses per item (p = 0.03). There were no statistically significant differences between the responses by domain. Strong and negative correlation was found between items of domains 1, 2, 3 and 5 (diabetes symptoms, treatment barriers, treatment adherence and communication) and HbA1c value (p = 0.006, rs = 0.896; p = 0.001, rs = - 0.954; p = 0.012, r = - 0.863). There was a tendency for patients with lower family income to have inadequate glycemic control and male gender were related to worse HRQoL. It is concluded that from the study sample, there is a difference between the self-report and parent proxy report of HRQoL, especially in the perception of pain from receiving insulin by injection. In addition, individuals with inadequate glycemic control may have worse HRQoL.