Estudo de extratos vegetais com atividade antioxidante e filtrante dos raios ultravioleta como adjuvantes de filtro químico orgânico em fotoprotetores. Determinação do FPS in vitro

Abstract

Inadequate exposure to sun radiation causes serious skin damages, such as sunburn, photoaging, actinic keratosis and cancer, and therefore causes growing concern among health organizations. It is estimated that in Brasil 140.000 new cases of skin cancer will arise in 2012. The main mechanism in which the UV radiation damages the skin is through DNA lesion, which can be direct by dimerization of its bases, or indirectly via action of reactive oxygen species. One way to avoid the harmful effects of sun radiation is to apply sunscreens. Studies have been done aiming to increase the sun protection factor (SPF) by the association of plant extracts with organic filters. Plant extracts rich in phenolic and flavonoid compounds are of particular interest since they are related to photoprotective and antioxidant activities. Thus, this study aims to assess the potential photoprotection and the antioxidant activity in vitro of Mikania glomerata, Ginkgo biloba, Matricaria chamomilla, Aquillea millefolium and Aesculus hippocastanum extracts, also the bioactive substances rutin and vanillin. The phenolic and flavonoids compound levels of the extracts were settled by spectrofotometry and the extract’s antioxidant activity, rutin and vanillin, were evaluated against DPPH radical. Gel and O/W emulsion formulations were prepared by adding 5% of organic filter 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid to 3,5% v/v of extracts, 0,1% or 0,25% of rutin or vanillin and the SPF values determined spectrophotometrically by Mansur’s method. The extract of A. hippocastanum produced the highest elevation of gel SPF, while 0.25% rutin produced the highest value of emulsion SPF. The extract of A. hippocastanum showed the greatest potential photoprotective and antioxidant, it can be considered promising in formulations of sunscreens.