Utilização da espectroscopia de infravermelho próximo para quantificação de adição de soro em leite

Abstract

A common doctoring concerning milk is the addition which is currently, in Brazil, 90% cheaper. It is a particularly complex problem because the analysis can´t be made quickly. The whey is, in many times, discarded by the dairy industry during the making of the cheese, which is forbidden for environmental reasons. The whey has been used for the doctoring of liquid and powder milk. The addition of whey can be detected by CMP analysis by HPLC analysis or electrophoresis which are laborious and lengthy techniques to be executed. This paper presents a method to quantify the addition of whey to the raw milk by spectroscopy on the infrared with Fourier transform associated with the PLS method, and artificial neural networks comparing the results to the ones obtained by the determination of CMP by HPLC. The whey obtained through the addition of chymosin to the raw milk, after the formation of the clot, it was, then, separated, filtered, heated to the temperature of 80ºC and cooled. Whey was added to the milk in the concentrations of 0% (no addition of whey); 1%; 4,25%; 7,5%; 10,75%; 14%; 17,25%; 20,5% made in triplicate sand in the concentrations of 2,5%; 6%; 9%; 19%; 22% for validation. The statistical analysis employed: PLS presented a coefficient of determination R2 of 0,98885 for the calibration set and R2 set and R2 of 0,9543 for the validation set, and neural networks presented R2 of 0,9999 for the training set and R2 of 0,99996 for the validation set showing that the measures of NIR associated to the PLS and neural networks can be used to quantify the addition of whey to raw milk.