Precarização do trabalho no capitalismo: um panorama sobre o debate da uberização no Brasil.

Abstract

With the advent and widespread reproduction of work mediated by digital platforms, new debates arise about the relationship between capital and labor. In this sense, the central objective of this research is to present the systematization of a theoretical basis that aims to contribute to the interpretation of the phenomenon of uberization in the context of critical studies in Brazil. For this, it was necessary to discuss the category of labor, observing both its ontological importance for the development of social being, and the determinations that condition it in the capitalist mode of production. In light of this, it was sought to verify the hypothesis that the precariousness of work is a constitutive part of capitalism, and that uberization is only an expedient that inaugurates new ways to reach this end. Based on a Marxist theoretical contribution, it was possible to approach the research theme in its general and particular aspects. Thus, considering the current debate among Brazilian intellectuals, different propositions and interpretations about uberization were exposed. In view of the different perspectives presented in this research, it was found that uberization expresses new means of work precarization. Moreover, it is a global trend with ample capacity for reproduction, especially when considering the deepening of informality and unemployment. Finally, in light of all the discussions proposed in this paper, it can be noted that this research has provided the theoretical basis that guides the national critical debate with regard to identifying the main characteristics of the uberization phenomenon and, consequently, its repercussions for the working class.