Nietzsche e Kierkegaard diante do niilismo: construção de sentido existencial a partir dos conceitos de eterno retorno e repetição

Abstract

The aim of the present thesis is to offer a possibility of existential meaning construction in post-modernity from Nietzsche and Kierkegaard’s concepts, respectively, eternal return and amor fati, repetition and ágape. With the reading perspective of the death of God event as the end of metaphysics, as a reality system, associated with a characterization of the post-modernity as the end of the metanarratives, one comes to the problem of nihilism in contemporaneity. It is the Sisyphus’s situation transposed to our period, that is, the mechanical repetition of meaningless actions, converting the life in great routine habit. The solution proposal comes from the categories of eternal return and repetition, which present a distinct way of perceiving and experiencing the temporal existence. The concepts of amor fati and ágape are associated to those categories as means to a meaningfully existence. Although these concepts come from distinct backgrounds and so have discordances, it is in a dialogue between them that a fruitful perspective of existential meaning in the post-modernity and a thought about religion in the post-modernity is possible.