Efeitos dos pigmentos exógenos utilizados na pigmentação cutânea e sua interação na produção de mediadores inflamatórios

Abstract

Dermopigmentation is a technique that originated from tattooing, which is an ancient art widely used by oriental peoples for skin pigmentation from exogenous pigments of different colors, which has been evolving satisfactorily in recent decades, being used for both purposes aesthetics such as in the areas of the eyebrows, eyes and lips, as for repairing vitiligo, stretch marks, areolas and scars. As a result of the increased use of these paints for skin pigmentation, concerns about the inflammatory potential of these materials in the human body are intensifying, resulting in the need to know their behavior and risks. Thus, the aim of this work is to evaluate the effects of exogenous pigments used in skin pigmentation and their interaction in the production of lipid mediators. For this, assays were carried out to analyze the dose/effect at concentrations of 1:100, 1:1000 and 1:10000 in peritoneal macrophages from C57bl6 mice, stimulated in vitro with the pigment. Cell viability was verified after 24 hours of exposure of macrophages to the pigment and we observed the formation of lipid bodies and sinthesys of inflammatory mediators at 2h, 4h, 6h, 8h and 24h times. The viability assessment data were submitted to statistical analysis by ANOVA and the means compared by Tukey test, values of p<0.05 were considered significant. The data obtained showed that the pigment is not cytotoxic to murine peritoneal macrophages, where the 3 doses used showed viability above 95%. Light microscopy observation of macrophages stained with oil red O (ORO) and Bodipy showed formation of lipid bodies in the 3 doses used, with greater formation in the dose of 1:1000. In analyzing the morphology of cells with the panoptic kit, we observed that the macrophages kept their circular shape and their nucleus defined after exposure to the pigment. We also observed low expression of cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-10. The data demonstrate that the pigment does not have a toxic effect at the doses used in vitro, nor does it have a potential inflammation-inducing effect, since despite the detection of the formation of lipid bodies, the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines was quite reduced.