A geração de ajustes do Banco Mundial e suas implicações para as políticas de “combate” à pobreza no Brasil: caos, retrocesso e desesperança para a classe trabalhadora

Abstract

This dissertation has as its object of study the category of poverty and the theoretical approach given to it. To this end, we will analyze the various theoreticalmethodological conceptions and proposals for confronting poverty, in addition to the ideological role of the “fight against poverty”, reproduced and carried out by the World Bank International Organization from the second millennium for peripheral countries, such as the Brazil, going against the present day. In this sense, we start by approaching the labor value theory and how it is placed in the different stages of capitalism. We deal with some central determinations from the phase of monopoly/imperialist capitalism to contemporaneity. We still seek to understand the historical assumptions of the “Social Question” and, based on it, we start a conceptual debate about poverty, dialoguing with authors who go in the ideological direction of action of the World Bank, such as: Boaventura Santos, Amartya Sen and Anthony Giddens. In a second moment, we seek to understand the logic of the MPC for countries with dependent capitalism, and then analyze the discourse about the “fight against poverty”, disseminated by the World Bank, for the peripheral reality, such as Brazil. Finally, we prepared a documental study regarding the World Bank's reports regarding the treatment of poverty in Brazil, systematically from the 2000s to the 2016 “Post-Coup”, also referencing a brief explanation of its reports in the pandemic period of Covid-19. We also seek to correlate their way of acting on poverty through the mentality of the authors mentioned above in the chapter. The intention is to clarify the explicit and hidden intentions in the theoretical treatment of poverty and actions, of “fighting poverty” for the maintenance and reproduction of capitalism, therefore, of the inequality inherent in this mode of production of social life.