Revelando a simetria de gauge do Modelo CFJ massivo através do formalismo Gauge Unfixing aprimorado

Abstract

In the present dissertation work, we analyzed an improved version of gauge unfixing (GU) formalism in the massive Carroll-Field-Jackiw model, a model that violates Lorentz and gauge invariance, with the aim of revealing hidden symmetries, and recover gauge invariance, which is a fundamental principle of the standard model of particle physics. In this process, as usual, we convert this system with second-class constraints into one with first-class constraints, obtaining two invariant gauge models. We verified that the Poisson parentheses of the gauge invariant variables, obtained through the GU formalism, coincide with the Dirac parentheses between the original second class variables of the phase space. Finally we obtain two invariant Lagrangeans from gauge where one of them represents the form of Stueckelberg. We also analyzed the general aspects of the massive Maxwell-Carroll-Field-Jackiw model, such as the equations of motion, the electromagnetic waves, modified by the presence of the term background field and the Proca’s term.