Análise do conforto acústico através da comparação entre dados técnicos e a percepção do usuário: estudo de caso de uma escola de tempo integral no município de Juiz de Fora

Abstract

As an institution, the school has an important role in transforming society and, among its assignments; it should provide the necessary instruments to the individual for building its own sense of citizenship, collaborating in promoting a better life quality. Through the National Education Plan, established in January 2001, takes place the resumption and enhancement of full-time education as a possibility of a comprehensive formation for children and teenagers, fixing as a goal a progressively increase of study hours at school for a minimum of seven a day. Thus, taking into account Full-time Schools, the architectural aspects of school buildings should be observed in detail, since they involve an environment of double shift with tasks and diverse teaching methods. Therefore, this research proposes a reflection on educational environment of full-time schools, focusing in comfort conditions. The focus of this research is in evaluating acoustic comfort and its interference in the built environment quality in a public full-time school, as well as in the performance and welfare of its users. This study is characterized as an exploratory research with an interdisciplinary approach, both quantitative and qualitative. It is also grounded in interdisciplinary literature about the theme and field survey. The last one has as reference the techniques and instrument of Post-Occupancy Evaluation (POE), in which takes place the analysis of architecture, understanding it as an influential and contributor component for both comfort and performance in the comprehensive formation of students. The research was settled in a public school of the municipal educational system of Juiz de Fora –MG, and also investigated comfort conditions, especially the acoustic comfort of the mentioned institution, which is intended for full-time formation. The results of this study demonstrate the lack of acoustic comfort in classrooms and highlight the need for interventions. Such renewal is only applied for the school evaluated in this study, which operates on full-time segment. It is noteworthy that probably errors or acoustic deficiencies inferred in this building could be also identified in others, in cases where the same typology is used for meeting the requirements of full-time school. This practice could affect the process of teaching and learning and also the life quality of users of these institutions.