Caracterização de complexos de inclusão de arctiina e arctigenina com β-ciclodextrina e avaliação da citotoxicidade em células do câncer de mama

Abstract

Breast cancer is the most common type of disease among women in the world and in Brazil. Considered the second most prevalent after non-melanoma skin cancer. The available treatments have a number of adverse effects and are ineffective in some cases. Arctiine (AC) and arctigenine (AG) are lignans, present in the species Arctium lappa L. (Asteraceae), which have several pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiparasitic and antitumor. The complexation of these molecules with β-cyclodextrin (βCD) can help in the activity before biological models, improving solubility, bioavailability and reducing toxicity. The general objective of this work is the preparation and characterization of hydrophobic nanoprecipitates obtained from the inclusion complexes arctiine/β-cyclodextrin (AC/βCD) and arctigenine/βcyclodextrin (AG/βCD); and assessment of the cytotoxicity of these compounds against the tumorigenic strains of human breast adenocarcinoma (T47D, MCF-7 and MDAMB-231). For this, the inclusion complexes were produced and characterized by infrared (IR) spectrometry, isothermal calorimetric titration (ITC), dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential measurements (PZ) and electrical conductivity. After characterization, in vitro cytotoxicity was evaluated by the standard 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)2,5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) bromide assay. The arctigenine/β-cyclodextrin complex (AG/βCD) showed the best in vitro result, with significant reduction in cell viability in breast cancer cell lineage.