A Construção de um Mapa Climático Urbano para Petrópolis-RJ: cidade, clima urbano e planejamento

Abstract

Through the materialization of urban thinking and acting, the urban space production process has repercussions on natural objects and processes. In this way, it is clear that the production and consumption of this space, through the rework of the primitive nature, result in socioenvironmental transformations. Furthermore, the effects of the urban climate are rooted in the proportion of chaotic urban growth. For this reason, analyzes that focus on the interplay between climate, city and urban planning become more important, the latter being the main responsible for climate regulation, through its mechanisms of urban regulation. It is from this intersectional context that Urban Climate Maps (UC-Map) emerge, as an aggregation tool between urban climate information and urban and urban information. The present work aimed to understand the relationship between the socio-environmental variables that condition the urban climatic conformation of the city of Petrópolis, through the construction of an Urban Climate Map. Petrópolis is one of the municipalities that make up the Mountain Region of the state of Rio de Janeiro and it is an interesting field of research, given that its urban space presents areas of contrasting characteristics, even in a small spatial outline, which result from its process of formation as an Imperial City and subsequent expansion. While the Historic Center still has aspects of the Empire period (such as narrow streets and sidewalks) and is characterized by a significant presence of green areas and control of land use, the most remote neighborhoods are characterized by self-construction, high rates of impermeability of the soil and little or no vegetation cover. Methodologically, it was divided into two major stages: the survey of preliminary data and the construction of the urban climate map, properly speaking, based on the definition of climatopos. Analyzing the spatialization of the climatopos that made up the map, it was possible to observe that the areas of greatest thermal load and least dynamic potential were those characterized by mixed use and high flow of people and vehicles. On the other hand, areas of lower thermal load and greater dynamic potential coincide with vegetated / or open areas. From these and other analyzes, strategies and recommendations regarding urban planning were defined.