Avaliação do efeito da escola pública de MG no desempenho dos alunos no ENEM

Abstract

The ENEM is the main means of entering higher education in Brazil, being an integral or partial criterion for entry into the Public Universities of the country and serving as a selection evaluation for universities abroad. However, the distribution of the places offered is not done in an egalitarian way, since students who come from public education have the right to compete for exclusive places by means of Law no. 12.711 / 2012 of August 29, 2012. In it, the quota is established for public school students whose motivation is that public education is responsible for the gap in the grade obtained in the exam. In addition, we also obtained notion of the difference between the proportions of students in both types of education. In order to obtain this information, this work intends to quantify what impact the type of school, whether public or private, of high school has on the grades of the students of Minas Gerais in ENEM 2014. To obtain this result we use hierarchical models of two levels and we were able to conclude that the type of school is responsible for raising the student's grade by 44.24 points if he has done most of the high school in private school. Other results were related to the responsibility of the characteristics of each student, such as socioeconomic status class and schooling of the candidate's mother.