O cuidado no processo de morte e morrer em oncologia: contribuições para a enfermagem

Abstract

The objective of this research was to understand the meanings and unveil the meanings of nursing care for people with cancer disease in the process of dying and die for the nurse. This is a qualitative study that used the phenomenological approach and as a theoretical, philosophical and methodological framework based on the philosophical thinking of Martin Heidegger. The scenarios were two specialized institutions for cancer prevention, diagnosis and treatment located in the state of Minas Gerais. Six nurses participated, who gave statements from December 2018 to March 201. The phenomenological interview had as its guiding questions: how do you take care of terminal patients? What is the meaning of taking care of patients? How do you feel about this care? In the first moment, in the comprehensive analysis, the essential structures emerged in order to construct the Units of Meanings: dealing with the possibility of death is difficult, complicated, bad, very sad, working only today and seeing all possibilities of care; feel love, affection, respect, being present, holding the hand, looking into the eyes, listening and sticking in the other's place; have a good feeling and fulfill the final wishes; the family as part of caring and caring. In the second moment, the interpretative analysis unveiled the senses of being-there-nurse-who-cares-for-people-with-cancer-disease-in-the-death-and-dying process, which was shown in the gossip, occupation, ambiguity and curiosity, and also in dread. Nursing care the person in the process of dying and dying should be responsible and immediate care, since the nurse is limited to planning future actions, given the uncertainty of tomorrow. The inclusion of the family member as an integral part of care reveals the need for family-centered care. However, the compression of the meaning of this care for nurses allows a reflection about the nurse being instrumentalized to reach the possibilities of care for the person who is dying and dying.