Caracterização química e avaliação da atividade anti-inflamatória tópica in vivo do extrato hexânico e óxido de baccharis obtidos das raízes de Baccharis dracunculifolia D.C. (Asteraceae)

Abstract

Inflammation is a complex process involving different mechanisms, which different cells are recruited by chemotaxis and are responsible for producing mediators that act on the microcirculation of the affected site. When the inflammatory process persists, different mechanisms induce the chronic inflammation. Natural products have been studied in order to find new potential anti-inflammatory agents with more effectiveness and less toxicity. The aim of this work was to evaluate the in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of the hexane extract and baccharis oxide triterpene isolated from roots of the specie Baccharis dracunculifolia DC (Asteraceae), as well as the chemical characterization of the extract tested. For this, after collection of the roots, they were dried, ground and subjected to maceration in hexane, producing the crude extract. The extract was subjected to chromatographic techniques, where 0.2 g of triterpene was obtained, which was identified as baccharis oxide through NMR of 13C and 1H. The chemical characterization of hexane extract by GC-MS analysis showed the presence of baccharis oxide in addition to other compounds such as spatulenol, friedelin and friedelanol. In vivo anti-inflammatory assays were performed on Swiss mice using the model of ear crotch, phenol, capsaicin, histamine-induced ear edema. Besides these assays were performed evaluations of the activities of the enzymes MPO and NAG, in addiction the NO dosage and histopathological evaluation of the inflamed ears. The results showed that OBac has affinity for the inflammatory pathway involved with the activation of PKC and FLA2, whereas EHBd has higher affinity for the inflammatory pathway involving oxidation. Both B. dracunculifolia hexane root extract and baccharis oxide showed inhibitory activity on MPO and NAG activity, as well as NO dosing. Therefore, this work showed for the first time that extract from the roots and the isolated compound its potential topical anti-inflammatory.