Uma análise dos relatórios do Banco Mundial e a mercantilização da educação nos países periféricos em particular no Brasil

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the World Bank guidelines for the educational policy of the peripheral countries the Brazilian one, emphasizing the process of commercialization of education. This deepening came from the understanding of the process of capital globalization, the rearticulation of the world of work, with the resumption of the perspective of human capital, the pedagogy of competences, the public-private partnerships in the various spheres of education, from high school to high school. , are points that intersect and support each other. From this movement occurs the process of globalization of education due to the understanding of education as a commodity of interest to banks and large investment companies both educational and financial to which the BM is directly related. To deepen the theme, a bibliographic and documentary research was conducted, highlighting the World Bank reports, with emphasis on the years 1986,1996,2003, 2008 and the most recent analyzed, 2017, which points out some guidelines for the education in peripheral countries. In which the bank is increasingly assuming its political character through the formulation of suggestions and guidelines on various social policies, ie, beyond the loans points the direction of resources to be invested. This dissertation is composed of three supporting chapters, the first one deals with the process of capital globalization from the understanding of its current phase of imperialist monopoly capitalism. In this direction is the financialization movement and the emergence of the World Bank. The process of rearticulation of the productive forces with reference to the Fordist to the Toyotist production pattern is highlighted, which shows the period of flexible accumulation and changes in the world of work. Given this, the main political and economic references that influence the world, such as the Washington consensus that brought with it the implementation of neoliberal politics, are presented. The second chapter is about the adequacy of the Brazilian educational policy to the interests of the capital, for such understanding were made some notes about the history and development of the Brazilian education. By highlighting how changes in the world of work influence education, the resumption of the concept of human capital is moving in this direction, supporting the reforms that the state should implement following the prescription of the World Bank and other multilateral agencies. Therefore, education is presented as a qualification / qualification for the labor market meeting these requirements. Which eventually turns into a commodity that is in constant appreciation, bringing to light the process of globalization of 12 education. However, this is not a neutral ground and implies that for these rearticulations to be effected to the interests of capital there is much internal dispute over prospects that go against the interests of the bourgeoisie, increasingly consolidating themselves against the interests of the working class. The third and final attempt to highlight the Bank's influences on educational policy from its reports. Starting with the process of changing the bank's direction towards educational policies from the mid-1960s to the present. From the reports we were able to compare and understand how the changes were being implemented in the educational policy, as well as the last educational counter-reforms at the middle and higher level of education aiming at the commercialization and privatization of these levels of education. According to our studies, we can identify a trend in the adequacy of the educational policy proposed by the World Bank, which emphasizes the commercialization and privatization of secondary and especially higher education, meeting the interests of international and financial capital through a grounded discourse. that the current model does not meet the demands of production and that reform must be made to improve, with the ultimate aim of ensuring greater possibilities for capital accumulation and ideological control.