Construção de um checklist para a prática transfusional segura beira-leito

Abstract

In face to the need for nursing professionals to take a series of conducts to ensure blood transfusion with minimal risk, the general goal of this study is to build a checklist type instrument as a subsidy for bedside transfusion safety. This is a methodological study, theoretically based on normative, protocols and national and international scientific literature related to the theme. Initially, a 67-item checklist was elaborated and then submitted to the evaluation and validation of 18 specialists in the first round of trial and 11 specialists in the second round. The Delphi Method was used to operationalize the process. A content validity index of 80% or greater in the first and 90% or greater in the second round of test was adopted. In the first phase, 15 items were removed for accounting for CVI less than 80%. There were 2 mergers of items. Twenty-four items remained unchanged, 19 remained with some change, and other 8 were added. The checklist was redesigned for further expert evaluation, with 53 items and 11 observations and interventions. Of these, 8 items were removed for accounting a CVI <90%, 1 observation was modified and 1 item was inserted. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient calculated for the checklist was 0.8940, showing that the instrument has internal consistency. No differences were found about the characteristics of the experts and agreement degree. In the pretest, healthcare professionals evaluated the instrument as good and possible to use in clinical practice. It was possible to conclude that the constructed instrument may help in the safety and quality of the hemotherapeutic care practice performed by nursing professionals and other professionals who deal with the transfusion act, as it has good reliability. Further, clinical validation of the instrument is recommended.